Modeling of
Single and Collective Cell Dynamics: From Active Mechanics to Migration
Supplementary Material
Chapter 4 - Emergence and Implications of Coherent Angular Motion in Cell Collectives
MOVIE 4.1
Emergence of coherent angular rotation of cells confined in a circular
geometry. The parameters for the simulations are N = 140, kc
= kt = 10, ζ = 1, v0 = 1.
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MOVIE 4.2 Higher number density of cells leads to the
fluidization of tissue, indicated by the huge shear appearing in the
system. The parameters for the simulations are N = 170, kc
= kt = 10, ζ = 1, v0 = 1.
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MOVIE 4.3
For higher values of ζ, center of rotation keeps on changing. The
parameters for the simulations are N = 140, kc = kt =
10, ζ = 10, v0 = 1.
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MOVIE 4.4
Active cells initially placed in circular pattern in the center of a passive
tissue. The parameters for the simulations are N = 154, kc =
5, kt = 1, ζ = 1, v0 (active cells) = 1, mobility
ratio = 10.
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MOVIE 4.5
Active cells initially placed in circular pattern in the center of a passive
tissue. The parameters for the simulations are N = 154, kc =
5, kt = 1, ζ = 1, v0 (active cells) = 1, mobility
ratio = 1000.
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MOVIE 4.6
Active cells placed on the periphery of a passive tissue in a circular
pattern. The parameters for the simulations are N = 154, kc =
5, kt = 1, ζ = 1, v0 (active cells) = 1, mobility
ratio = 10.
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MOVIE 4.7
Active cells placed on the periphery of a passive tissue in a circular
pattern. The parameters for the simulations are N = 154, kc =
5, kt = 1, ζ = 1, v0 (active cells) = 1, mobility
ratio = 1000.
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MOVIE 4.8
Passive confinement inducing coherent rotation in system with active cells
placed inside a passive tissue in an annular pattern. The parameters for
the simulations are N = 154, kc = 5, kt = 1, ζ = 1, v0
(active cells) = 1, mobility ratio = 1.
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MOVIE 4.9
Passive confinement inducing coherent rotation in system with active cells
placed inside a passive tissue in an annular pattern. The parameters for
the simulations are N = 154, kc = 5, kt = 1, ζ = 1, v0
(active cells) = 1, mobility ratio = 10.
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MOVIE 4.10
Passive confinement inducing coherent rotation in system with active cells
placed inside a passive tissue in an annular pattern. The parameters for
the simulations are N = 154, kc = 5, kt = 1, ζ = 1, v0
(active cells) = 1, mobility ratio = 100.
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MOVIE 4.11
Passive confinement inducing coherent rotation in system with active cells
placed inside a passive tissue in an annular pattern. The parameters for
the simulations are N = 154, kc = 5, kt = 1, ζ = 1, v0
(active cells) = 1, mobility ratio = 1000.
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MOVIE 4.12
Emergence of coherent motion in annular geometry. The parameters for the
simulations are
N = 100, kc = 10, kt = 10, ζ = 1, v0 = 1.
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MOVIE 4.13
The pattern of coherent motion is determined by the stiffness of cell-cell
connection. The parameters for the simulations are
N = 100, kc = 1, kt = 1, ζ = 1, v0 = 1.
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MOVIE 4.14
Asynchronous rotation does not switch the direction of rotation. The
parameters for the simulations are
N = 40, kc = 5, kt = 1, ζ = 1, v0 = 1.
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MOVIE 4.15
Synchronous rotation switches the direction of rotation. The parameters
for the simulations are
N = 40, kc = 5, kt = 1, ζ = 1, v0 = 1.
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MOVIE 4.16
Breakage of boundaries for softer system. The parameters for the
simulations are
N = 100, kc = 1, kt = 1, ζ = 1, v0 = 1.
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MOVIE 4.17
Breakage of boundaries for medium stiff system. The parameters for the
simulations are
N = 100, kc = 10, kt = 1, ζ = 1, v0 = 1.
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MOVIE 4.18
Breakage of boundaries for medium stiff system. The parameters for the
simulations are
N = 100, kc = 10, kt = 1, ζ = 1, v0 = 1.
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MOVIE 4.19
Coherent rotation of cells in larger systems. As the confinement radius R
for the tissue increases, radial movements become prominent. The
parameters for the simulations are
R = 15, N = 1260, kc = 10, kt = 10, ζ = 1, v0
= 1.
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MOVIE 4.20
T1 transition happening in a denser system at local patches. The
parameters for the simulations are
N = 170, kc = 10, kt = 10, ζ = 1, v0 = 1.
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MOVIE 4.21
Locking the node connectivity for less dense tissue does not modify the
mechanical state of the coherently rotating tissue. The parameters for
the simulations are N = 140, kc = 10, kt = 10, ζ = 1,
v0 = 1.
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MOVIE 4.22
Locking the connectivity of denser tissue (N = 170) leads to build up of
distortion (red triangles) in the tissue. Upon releasing the
connectivity lock, many cells undergo neighbor changes to relieve their
distortion (shear). The parameters for the simulations are N = 170, kc
= 10, kt = 10, ζ = 1, v0 = 1.
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